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Basic Arithmetic Version 2 - Test Review

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Questions Num Correct Score
20 18 90.00%
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INSTRUCTIONS: To answer questions 1-20, select the ONE BEST answer from the choices provided. NOTE: Typically, there are multiple ways of obtaining the correct answer to each question, only one of which is provided as the answer explanation.

Question 1

2520 ÷ 5 =

  1. 502
  2. 503
  3. 504
  4. 505

Explanation:

  1. Set up the problem by placing the number to be divided (2520) inside the bar and the divisor (5) to the left of the vertical bar (Step #1).
  2. Determine how many times 25 can be divided by 5 and place the number (5) over the 25.  Multiply the number (5) by the divisor (5) and subtract the result (25) from the number divided (25), leaving no remainder (Step #2).
  3. Carry down the next digit in 2520 (2) and repeat the steps until all the possibilities of division have been exhausted and there are no other numbers to be divided (Step #3).
Step #1   Step #2   Step #3
               
5  2520   5  2520   5  2520
        -25     -25
           0          20
                  -20
                     0 

Question 2

  546
x 25

  1. 13,650
  2. 13,750
  3. 14,550
  4. 14,650

Explanation:

  1. Working from right to left, multiply 546 by each of the two digits in the factor "25" separately. You may wish to add zero placeholders (shown in bold) to help ensure that columns are aligned correctly (Step #1).
  2. Add the products from Step #1 to arrive at the correct answer (Step #2).

 

Step #1   Step #2
  546     546
x 25   x 25
  2,730     2,730
  10,920   + 10,920
        13,650

Question 3

7/10 - 9/20 =

  1. 1/3
  2. 1/4
  3. 1/5
  4. 1/6

Explanation:

To solve, find the least common multiple (LCM) for the denominator of each fraction. The LCM is the smallest non-zero number that is a multiple of both denominators. In this problem, the LCM is 20. 

  1. Since 9/20 already has a denominator of 20, only 7/10 needs to be converted so that has a denominator of 20. Multiplying the denominator (10) by 2 converts it to 20; therefore, to convert the fraction 7/10, multiply both the numerator (7) and the denominator (10) by 2, so that the fraction becomes 14/20 (Step #1).
  2. Subtract 9/20 from 14/20 (by subtracting the numerators), for a difference of 5/20 (Step #2).
  3. Simplify 5/20 by dividing the numerator and denominator each by 5, to equal 1/4 (Step #3).
Step #1   Step #2   Step #3
7 x 2 = 14   14 - 9 = 5   5 ÷ 5 = 1
10 x 2 20   20 20 20   20 ÷ 5 4

Question 4

15.859 - 6.5147 =

  1. 9.3443
  2. 9.4443
  3. 9.5443
  4. 9.6443

Explanation:

  1.  Set up the problem by lining numbers up vertically, aligning all decimal points.  You may wish to add zero placeholders to ensure that columns are aligned appropriately (Step #1). 
  2. Working right to left, set up the problem for solving by carrying values over only when the top value for a column is less than its bottom value (Step #2). 
  3. Subtract all values to determine the difference (Step #3).

 

Step #1   Step #2   Step #3
        810     810
  15.8590     15.8590       15.8590  
- 6.5147   - 6.5147     - 6.5147  
              9.3443  

Question 5

90 is what percent of 500?

  1. 17
  2. 18
  3. 19
  4. 20

Explanation:

  1. Divide 90 by 500. Set up the problem by adding a decimal point and zero placeholders (shown in bold) to make 90 into 90.00. Next, determine the decimal place for the answer by counting the number of zero placeholders you added to 90 to make it divisible by 500. Since two zeros were added to 90, count backwards from right to left two decimal places to convert the answer to .18 (Step #1). 
  2. Multiply .18 by 100 to convert it to a percent. Add a decimal point and two zero placeholders (shown in bold) to make 100 into 100.00 to match the number of decimal places in the number it is being multiplied with (.18) and vertically align the decimal points in the two numbers. Count the number of decimal places to the right of the decimal point in 100.00 and .18 (which equals four) to determine that the answer should also have four decimal places. Count backwards from right to left four places and insert a decimal point, which results in 18.0000, or 18 (Step #2).  
Step #1   Step #2
       .18      
500  90.00     100.00
  -50.0   x .18
   40.00     80000
   40.00   + 100000
          0     180000
        18.0000

Question 6

  16 feet, 5 inches
  10 feet, 4 inches
+ 4 feet, 8 inches

  1. 29 feet, 5 inches
  2. 30 feet, 4 inches
  3. 31 feet, 5 inches
  4. 31 feet, 4 inches

Explanation:

  1.  Add the measurements in the inches column, for a total of 17 inches (Step #1).
  2. Since 12 inches equals 1 foot, convert the 17 inches into 1 foot, 5 inches; carry the 1 foot into the feet measurement column; and sum (Step #2).

 

 

Step #1   Step #2
          1 foot  
  16 feet, 5 inches     16 feet, 5 inches
  10 feet, 4 inches     10 feet, 4 inches
+ 4 feet, 8 inches   + 4 feet, 8 inches
    17 inches     31 feet, 5 inches

Question 7

  10 days, 12 hours, 25 minutes
  7 days, 15 hours, 36 minutes
  3 days, 21 hours, 14 minutes
+   11 hours, 10 minutes

  1. 22 days, 12 hours, 25 minutes
  2. 22 days, 18 hours, 25 minutes
  3. 23 days, 20 hours, 25 minutes
  4. 23 days, 22 hours, 25 minutes

Explanation:

  1. Add the measurements in the minutes column for a total of 85 minutes (Step #1).
  2. Since 60 minutes equals 1 hour, convert the 85 minutes from Step #1 into 1 hour, 25 minutes; carry the 1 hour into the hours measurement column; and sum for a total of 60 hours (Step #2).
  3. Since 24 hours equals 1 day, convert the 60 hours into 2 days, 12 hours; carry the 2 days into the days measurement column; and sum for a total of 22 days (Step #3).

 

Step #1   Step #2   Step #3
                      2 days 1 hour    
  10 days, 12 hours, 25 minutes     10 days, 12 hours, 25 minutes     10 days, 12 hours, 25 minutes
  7 days, 15 hours, 36 minutes     7 days, 15 hours, 36 minutes     7 days, 15 hours, 36 minutes
  3 days, 21 hours, 14 minutes     3 days, 21 hours, 14 minutes     3 days, 21 hours, 14 minutes
+   11 hours, 10 minutes   +   11 hours, 10 minutes   +   11 hours, 10 minutes
      85 minutes       60 hours, 25 minutes     22 days, 12 hours, 25 minutes 

Question 8

An industrial machine in a department uses 4.75 gallons of fuel each hour. At that rate, how many gallons of fuel will be used in five 8-hour workdays?

  1. 160
  2. 170
  3. 180
  4. 190

Explanation:

  1. Multiply 4.75 by 8 to determine that 38 gallons of fuel are used in one 8-hour workday (Step #1).
  2. Multiply 38 by 5 to determine that 190 gallons of fuel are used in five 8-hour workdays (Step #2).
Step #1   Step #2
  4.75     38
x 8   x 5
  38     190

Question 9

If three-fifths of Stanley's weekly income is $360, what is one-third of his weekly income?

  1. $150
  2. $175
  3. $200
  4. $250

Explanation:

  1. Since $360 is three-fifths of Stanley's income, divide 360 by 3 to determine that $120 is one-fifth of his income (Step #1). 
  2. Multiply $120 by 5 to determine that $600 is Stanley's weekly income (Step #2). 
  3. Divide $600 by 3 to determine that $200 is one-third of his weekly income (Step #3).
Step #1   Step #2   Step #3
   120     120      200
3  360   x 5   3  600
  -3     600     -6
   06            00
  -06           -00
     00              00 

Question 10

An employee receives a bonus at the end of each quarter based on her salary for the year. If she earns $1,800 per month, and her bonus is 3.5% of her yearly salary, her bonus for the previous quarter is

  1. $656.
  2. $700.
  3. $756.
  4. $786.

Explanation:

  1. Multiply $1,800 by 12 to determine that $21,600 is the employee's yearly salary (Step #1). 
  2. Multiply $21,600 by the decimal equivalent of 3.5% (.035) to determine that $756 is the amount of the bonus (Step #2).
Step #1   Step #2
  $1,800     21600
x 12   x .035
  $21,600     108000
        064800
      + 000000
        756000
        $756.00

Question 11

An employee takes out a loan from his 401(k) savings account that he must repay in a 26-week period. If he makes regular payments of $108.24 every two weeks, what is the amount of the loan?

  1. $1,407.12
  2. $1,907.54
  3. $2,414.12
  4. $2,814.50

Explanation:

  1. Divide the amount of each payment ($108.24) by 2 to determine that $54.12 is the weekly amount that the employee will pay during the 26-week period (Step #1).
  2. Multiply $54.12 by 26 to determine that $1,407.12 is the total amount of the loan payment (Step #2).
Step #1   Step #2
  54.12     54.12
2  108.24   x 26
  -10     32472
       8   + 108240
      -8     140712
         2     $1,407.12
        -2      
           4      
          -4      
           0      

Question 12

In a social service agency, Clerk A can pull 30 case files in one hour. Clerk B can pull 20 case files in the same amount of time. Working together, how many case files can the two clerks pull in an 8-hour period?

  1. 360
  2. 400
  3. 440
  4. 480

Explanation:

  1. Add the number of cases that each clerk can pull to determine that the two clerks together can pull 50 cases in one hour (Step #1).
  2. Multiply 50 by 8 to determine that 400 cases can be pulled by the two clerks together in an 8-hour period (Step #2).
Step #1   Step #2
  30     50
+ 20   x 8
  50     400

 

 

Question 13

A room that measured 8' x 14' was enlarged to 10' x 16'. How many square feet of floor space were added?

  1. 41
  2. 43
  3. 45
  4. 48

Explanation:

  1. Find the total area of both the original tool room and the enlarged tool room (Step #1). The formula for area is A = L x W, where A = area; L= length; and W = width. The product is expressed in square feet. 
  2. Subtract the area of the original tool room from the area of the enlarged tool room to determine the amount of floor space that was added (Step #2).

 

Step #1
Original room measurement: 8' x 14' = 112 square feet
Enlarged room measurement: 10' x 16' = 160 square feet
 
Step #2
160 - 112 = 48 square feet 

Question 14

A manufacturer packages drill bits in boxes that can hold 12 bits each. The boxes are then placed in crates that can hold 13 boxes each. If a storekeeper receives a shipment of 15 crates, how many bits are contained in the shipment?

  1. 2,340
  2. 2,450
  3. 2,560
  4. 2,680

Explanation:

  1. Multiply the number of bits per box (12) by the number of boxes in a crate (13) to determine that 1 crate contains 156 bits (Step #1). 
  2. Multiply the number of bits per crate (156) by 15 to determine that there are 2,340 bits contained in 15 crates (Step #2).

 

Step #1   Step #2
  12     156
x 13   x 15
  36     780
+ 120   + 1,560
  156     2,340

Question 15

A division chief in a department wants to purchase new desks for an office. The full price for each desk is $250.00. The department has an agreement with a vendor to provide a four percent discount on each desk purchased. If the department has budgeted $7,200.00 for the new desks, the number of desks that may be purchased is

  1. 27.
  2. 28.
  3. 30.
  4. 31.

Explanation:

  1. Multiply the full price of each desk ($250) by the decimal equivalent of the discount (.04) to determine that $10.00 is the amount of the discount (Step #1).
  2. Subtract $10.00 from the full price of each desk ($250) to determine that $240 is the discounted price that the department will pay for each desk (Step #2).
  3. Divide the department's total budget ($7,200) by the discounted cost of each desk ($240) to determine that the department may purchase 30 desks (Step #3).
Step #1   Step #2   Step #3
  $250     $250      30
x .04   - 10   240  7200
  $10.00     $240     -720
                   00 

Question 16

If XYZ County signs a lease contract for office equipment for $343.15 per month, how much is the total cost if the contract is for 2.5 years?

  1. $8,750.75
  2. $9,676.50
  3. $10,294.50
  4. $12,146.00

Explanation:

In 2.5 years, the cost for the leased office equipment will be $10,294.50; therefore, choice C is the correct answer.  To solve:

  1. Find out how many months there are in 2.5 years.  Since there are 12 months in one year, multiply 2.5 by 12.  You may wish to add zero placeholders (shown in bold) to ensure that columns are aligned correctly.  This yields 30 months (Step #1).
  2. Multiply 30 by the payment amount ($343.15) for an answer of $10,294.50 (Step #2), the total amount that would be paid at the end of a 2.5 year period.
Step #1   Step #2
  2.5     343.15
x 12   x 30
  50     00000
+ 250   + 1,029,450
  300     1,029,450
         
  30.0     $10,294.50 

Question 17

If a department receives a $6.00 rebate for every used printer cartridge that it returns to the manufacturer, how much revenue would the department receive per month if 171 cartridges are used per quarter year?

  1. $251.00
  2. $273.00
  3. $326.00
  4. $342.00

Explanation:

The monthly revenue earned would be $342.00; therefore, choice D is the correct answer. To solve:

  1. Find out how much revenue the department receives per quarter by multiplying the number of cartridges used per quarter (171) by the amount of the rebate ($6.00). You may wish to add zero placeholders (shown in bold) to ensure that columns are aligned correctly. This yields an answer of $1026.00 (Step #1).
  2. Multiply the number of months in one year (12) by the decimal equivalent of one quarter (.25) to determine that there are 3 months in one quarter year (Step #2).
  3. Divide the quarterly revenue received ($1026.00) by the number of months in a quarter (3) to determine that the department will receive $342.00 per month (Step #3).

 

Step #1   Step #2   Step #3
  171     12      342.00
x 6.00   x .25   3  1026.00
  000     60     -9
  0000   + 240      12
+ 102600     300     -12
  102600              06
                -06
  $1,026.00     3.00          0  

Question 18

If Marisol reduces the weekly number of hours she works by one-fifth and her current weekly income is $690.00, what is her new weekly income?

  1. $522.00
  2. $542.00
  3. $552.00
  4. $562.00

Explanation:

Marisol's new weekly income is $552.00; therefore, choice C is the correct answer. To solve:

  1. Convert the fraction one-fifth (1/5) to a decimal by dividing the numerator in the fraction (1) by the denominator (5). Set up the problem by adding a decimal point and a zero placeholder (shown in bold), to make 1 into 1.0. Next, determine the decimal place for the answer by counting the number of zeros you added to 1 to make it divisible by 5. Since one zero was added to 1, count backwards from right to left one decimal place and convert the answer to .2 (Step #1).
  2. Multiply .2 by $690.00 to determine that $138.00 is one-fifth of Marisol's weekly income. You may wish to add zero placeholders (shown in bold) to ensure that columns are aligned correctly (Step #2).
  3. Subtract $138.00 from $690.00 to get $552.00, which is Marisol's new total weekly income (Step #3).
Step #1   Step #2   Step #3
     .2     690     $690.00
5  1.0   x .2   - $138.00
  -1.0     1380     $552.00
      0     $138.00      
               

Question 19

Paul's salary is $2195.00 per month. If he receives a salary increase of 3%, his new monthly salary is

  1. $2260.85.
  2. $2280.00.
  3. $2385.00.
  4. $2453.50.

Explanation:

Paul's new monthly salary is $2260.85; therefore, choice A is the correct answer. To solve:

  1. Convert 3% to a decimal by dividing 3 by 100. Set up the problem by adding a decimal point and zero placeholders (shown in bold), to make 3 into 3.00. Next, determine the decimal place for the answer by counting the number of zeros you added to 3 to make it divisible by 100. Since two zeros were added to 3, count backwards from right to left two decimal places and place a 0 before the 3 to convert the answer to .03 (Step #1). 
  2. Multiply $2195.00 by .03 to determine the amount of Paul's pay raise, to yield an answer of $65.85 (Step #2).
  3. Making sure to carry values over across columns as necessary, add $65.85 to Paul's previous salary for the sum of $2260.85, his new monthly salary (Step #3).
Step #1   Step #2   Step #3
     .03                   11
100  3.00     $2195.00     $2195.00
  -3.00   x .03   + $65.85
        0     $65.8500     $2,260.85

Question 20

If ABC County signs a lease contract for 25 carpool vehicles for $11,000 per month, what is the yearly cost per vehicle?

  1. $5,030
  2. $5,280
  3. $6,140
  4. $6,250

Explanation:

The yearly cost per vehicle is $5,280; therefore, choice B is the correct answer. To solve:

  1. Determine the monthly cost per vehicle by dividing the total monthly cost ($11,000) by the total number of vehicles leased (25), for an answer of $440.00 (Step #1).
  2. Multiply the monthly cost per vehicle by the number of months in one year (12) to determine that $5,280 is the yearly cost per vehicle (Step #2).
Step #1   Step #2
        440      
25  11,000     440
  -100   x 12
     100     880
    -100   + 4,400
         0     5,280

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